全新java初学者实践教程6(Java SE5.0版)
b}9K"GT 基本语法3
2"'0OQN0\ |5F]y"Nb y{?
6U>_ 我们这个教程侧重的是实践的内容和语言的重点。在[font="Times]java语言中还有很多细节的东西,请参考[font="Times]sun公司的官方培训教程。我们这里不能一一讲述。这节课我们来给大家提供一些程序流程控制的一些例子供大家学习。计算机怎么做事情,是我们教给他的。我们用它解决实际生活中的问题,所以计算机要描述现实生活中的流程。[font="Times]Java语言中提供了[font="Times]4类程序控制语句,来描述流程:
\'GX^0yK cwz
% LKh [font="Times] 1.循环语句[font="Times]:while,do-while,for
]QtdT8~ ?fnJ`^|-r [font="Times]2.分支语句[font="Times]:if-else,switch,
|w>"oaLN|Q [font="Times]
_Eq:Qbw# 3.跳转语句[font="Times] break,continue,label: 和[font="Times]return
/!eC;qp;[ [font="Times]
<gZC78}E 4.异常处理语句[font="Times]:try-catch-finally,throw
|}QDC/ lR{eO~'~V 实践:
Vd)iv\a [font="Times] 1.循环语句
HMgZ&v [font="Times] while 语句
6}L[7~1
[font="Times]class While {
:&2RV_$>= [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
%ia/i : [font="Times]int n = 10;
>LgV[D#=&o [font="Times]while(n > 0) {
H6/@loO!Xy [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
6.EfM^[ [font="Times]n--;
w<J$12
"p+ [font="Times]}
W2%(a0p [font="Times]}
b-M[la}1" [font="Times]}
kR-N9|>i [font="Times] do…while 语句
&hB~Z(zS! [font="Times] class DoWhile {
^+mSf`5 [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
pk}*0Y- [font="Times]int n = 10;
RT)0I; [font="Times]do {
J^
P/2a#a [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
h}q+Dw.i [font="Times]n--;
AcrbR&cvG [font="Times]} while(n > 0);
nvu|V3B0 [font="Times]}
Q'*-gg&) [font="Times]}
<Sm=,Sw 二者区别,[font="Times]do…while至少循环一次,而[font="Times]while的表达式要是为[font="Times]flase的话可以一次也不循环。再通俗一点,[font="Times]do…while就算是括号里的是[font="Times]flase,人家最少也能[font="Times]do一次。
C(}9 [font="Times] for语句
HpDU:m [font="Times] class ForTick {
q0`Vw% [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
\
CV(c] [font="Times]int n;
J0d +q! [font="Times]for(n=10; n>0; n--)
p
%
3B^ [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
[jDO8n/ [font="Times]}
Gd%6lab [font="Times]}
}UXj|SY 与上面那两个的区别,[font="Times]for循环执行的次数是可以在执行之前确定的。通俗一点说吧,看这个例子[font="Times] for(n=10; n>0; n--)就是在括号里的时候,就已经知道要循环[font="Times]10次了。
_UjAct]6
还有啊,[font="Times]for循环的部分可以为空的
wjq f u / [font="Times]class ForVar {
qq[2h~6P] [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
}s}b]v [font="Times]int i;
6xk"bIp [font="Times]boolean done = false;
miZ{V% [font="Times]i = 0;
+3si=x\=/ [font="Times]for( ; !done; ) {
"LaNXZ9 [font="Times]System.out.println("i is " + i);
U[U$1LSS [font="Times]if(i == 10) done = true;
GQ2&D}zh [font="Times]i++;
pF K[b [font="Times]}
e1~C> [font="Times]}
Yah3I@xGy [font="Times]}
循环语句的例子下载 +]I;C [font="Times] 2.分支语句[font="Times]
A{x&5yX8 [font="Times] if/else语句
o%M~Q<wf [font="Times]class IfElse {
?F
AsV&y [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
C0i: *1 [font="Times]int month = 4; // April
mgG0uV [font="Times]String season;
x:xKlPGd [font="Times]if(month == 12 || month == 1 || month == 2)
q{yz]H, [font="Times]season = "Winter";
%lv2 ;- [font="Times]else if(month == 3 || month == 4 || month == 5)
)\`TZLR [font="Times]season = "Spring";
^=OjsN [font="Times]else if(month == 6 || month == 7 || month == 8)
Fdm7k){A [font="Times]season = "Summer";
H$(%FWzQ% [font="Times]else if(month == 9 || month == 10 || month == 11)
1_7x'5GdA [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
UQ'D-eK [font="Times]else
}=s@y"[" [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
v :6`(5 [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
v}xz`]MW<, [font="Times]}
>bz}IcZP [font="Times]}
k L*Q}) [font="Times]//这段程序输出[font="Times]:
S.t+HwVodO [font="Times]//April is in the Spring.
4{CVBowi [font="Times]// 注意[font="Times] “[font="Times]||”是或运算
\dIIZSN [font="Times] switch语句
0eq> [font="Times] class Switch {
_m3PAD4 [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
dMeDQ`c`W [font="Times]int month = 4;
0J@)?,V-. [font="Times]String season;
1kb?y4xeJ [font="Times]switch (month) {
$o/?R]h [font="Times]case 12:
&1]}^/u2 [font="Times]case 1:
ghbxRnU} [font="Times]case 2:
#OJ^[Zi< [font="Times]season = "Winter";
m[ay [font="Times]break;
J24UUZ9&$ [font="Times]case 3:
MCL?J,1?r [font="Times]case 4:
R/ l1$} [font="Times]case 5:
e_k1pox]l [font="Times]season = "Spring";
,_u8y&<|I [font="Times]break;
5y}}?6n+ [font="Times]case 6:
-H Zvz[u [font="Times]case 7:
}(op;7 [font="Times]case 8:
G!XizhE [font="Times]season = "Summer";
?Q9/C| [font="Times]break;
aWOApXJ [font="Times]case 9:
HQ/PHUg2 [font="Times]case 10:
Iimz [font="Times]case 11:
ofcoNLX5c [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
+;:i,`Lmg [font="Times]break;
7S2Bm]fP [font="Times]default:
d?b2jZ$r] [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
j,EE`g& [font="Times]}
z[ z'.{;D [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
^4B6IF* [font="Times]}
z)43+8 ; [font="Times]}
分支语句代码下载 `5[VO pR`.8MMc8 [font="Times]switch语句适合于条件非常多的逻辑
Ug3PZ7lK 请看上述语句可以混合使用,请看
下载例子