全新java初学者实践教程6(Java SE5.0版)
*F4G qX3 基本语法3
m= beB\= $BO}D BzG!Rg|J 我们这个教程侧重的是实践的内容和语言的重点。在[font="Times]java语言中还有很多细节的东西,请参考[font="Times]sun公司的官方培训教程。我们这里不能一一讲述。这节课我们来给大家提供一些程序流程控制的一些例子供大家学习。计算机怎么做事情,是我们教给他的。我们用它解决实际生活中的问题,所以计算机要描述现实生活中的流程。[font="Times]Java语言中提供了[font="Times]4类程序控制语句,来描述流程:
qT-nD} ~)\1g0 [font="Times] 1.循环语句[font="Times]:while,do-while,for
*7D$;?" /v5g;x_T [font="Times]2.分支语句[font="Times]:if-else,switch,
0 S`b;f [font="Times]
uzn))/" 3.跳转语句[font="Times] break,continue,label: 和[font="Times]return
5IF~]5s [font="Times]
4 *2>R8SX~ 4.异常处理语句[font="Times]:try-catch-finally,throw
dQ2i{A"BKz 5F_:[H =
实践:
_tauhwu [font="Times] 1.循环语句
JcALFKLB [font="Times] while 语句
!?>p]0*< [font="Times]class While {
GT`<jzAi Q [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
/-<m(72wF [font="Times]int n = 10;
Zv7$epDUz [font="Times]while(n > 0) {
#lVl?F+~ [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
_$jJpy [font="Times]n--;
cE8 _keR~ [font="Times]}
fB ,!|u [font="Times]}
9QM"JEu@ [font="Times]}
H f mMf^c [font="Times] do…while 语句
gu%'M:Xe [font="Times] class DoWhile {
`?S?)0B [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
4 >tYMyLt0 [font="Times]int n = 10;
fm2M i~}0 [font="Times]do {
>A@D;vx [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
t;~`Lm@hY [font="Times]n--;
(j 8,n<o [font="Times]} while(n > 0);
0dX= [font="Times]}
k~EPVJh" [font="Times]}
R"kE5: 二者区别,[font="Times]do…while至少循环一次,而[font="Times]while的表达式要是为[font="Times]flase的话可以一次也不循环。再通俗一点,[font="Times]do…while就算是括号里的是[font="Times]flase,人家最少也能[font="Times]do一次。
x[uXD [font="Times] for语句
LkbvA [font="Times] class ForTick {
C5n=2luI_ [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
co%_~xO [font="Times]int n;
Bc@r*zb [font="Times]for(n=10; n>0; n--)
hy`)]>9z~ [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
kx#L< [font="Times]}
YGO 7lar [font="Times]}
U&\{/l 与上面那两个的区别,[font="Times]for循环执行的次数是可以在执行之前确定的。通俗一点说吧,看这个例子[font="Times] for(n=10; n>0; n--)就是在括号里的时候,就已经知道要循环[font="Times]10次了。
Xq)%w#l5? 还有啊,[font="Times]for循环的部分可以为空的
eJ\j{- [font="Times]class ForVar {
BNm va [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
C-
Rie[ [font="Times]int i;
5nIlG [font="Times]boolean done = false;
u4^"E+y^S [font="Times]i = 0;
1kw4'#J8 [font="Times]for( ; !done; ) {
7wEG<,D [font="Times]System.out.println("i is " + i);
-$|X\#R [font="Times]if(i == 10) done = true;
N S}`(N [font="Times]i++;
Ewsg&CCN [font="Times]}
4g^+y.,r_f [font="Times]}
G+^$JN= [font="Times]}
循环语句的例子下载 A
=#-u&l [font="Times] 2.分支语句[font="Times]
m-FDCiN> [font="Times] if/else语句
J#Ehx| [font="Times]class IfElse {
=sVt8FWGY [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
.`#R%4Xl [font="Times]int month = 4; // April
cQ ;Ry!$ [font="Times]String season;
y8n1IZ*#SZ [font="Times]if(month == 12 || month == 1 || month == 2)
/<pQ!'/G [font="Times]season = "Winter";
M@@O50~ [font="Times]else if(month == 3 || month == 4 || month == 5)
M{RZ-)IC [font="Times]season = "Spring";
g*imswj7 [font="Times]else if(month == 6 || month == 7 || month == 8)
* CGdfdxW [font="Times]season = "Summer";
R'HA>?D [font="Times]else if(month == 9 || month == 10 || month == 11)
v!9Imf [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
(SVr>|Db [font="Times]else
myX0<j3G5 [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
G")EE#W$} [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
8mddI [font="Times]}
eyjUNHeh# [font="Times]}
0\^2HjsJ [font="Times]//这段程序输出[font="Times]:
Rw8m5U [font="Times]//April is in the Spring.
_VJwC| [font="Times]// 注意[font="Times] “[font="Times]||”是或运算
u(`A?H: [font="Times] switch语句
RYaofW [font="Times] class Switch {
GlD'?Mk1 [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
7f,WzvV [font="Times]int month = 4;
jc`',o'[+ [font="Times]String season;
3+uoK f[ [font="Times]switch (month) {
&bK$!8Z [font="Times]case 12:
y.<Y]m [font="Times]case 1:
9?,.zc^ [font="Times]case 2:
l;kZS [font="Times]season = "Winter";
P;/wb/ [font="Times]break;
fOervo [font="Times]case 3:
C
P v}A [font="Times]case 4:
^i1:PlW] [font="Times]case 5:
}Cg~::," [font="Times]season = "Spring";
dV [font="Times]break;
MCG~{#` [font="Times]case 6:
0 d]G [font="Times]case 7:
vBnHG-5;P [font="Times]case 8:
?{")Wt [font="Times]season = "Summer";
J :(\o=5 5 [font="Times]break;
t+q`h3 [font="Times]case 9:
8QBL:7< [font="Times]case 10:
Y\\nJuJo [font="Times]case 11:
r0bPaAKw [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
P?7b,a95O [font="Times]break;
4 Z)]Cq*3 [font="Times]default:
'A2"&6m)28 [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
qEz'l'%( [font="Times]}
#_\~Vrf(# [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
:!hH`l}p [font="Times]}
>f8,YisH [font="Times]}
分支语句代码下载 XjU; oh4:. @'4D9A [font="Times]switch语句适合于条件非常多的逻辑
]~ UkD*Ct 请看上述语句可以混合使用,请看
下载例子