全新java初学者实践教程6(Java SE5.0版)
iEr,ly 基本语法3
pE4a ~: '-;[8:y. Z',!LK! 我们这个教程侧重的是实践的内容和语言的重点。在[font="Times]java语言中还有很多细节的东西,请参考[font="Times]sun公司的官方培训教程。我们这里不能一一讲述。这节课我们来给大家提供一些程序流程控制的一些例子供大家学习。计算机怎么做事情,是我们教给他的。我们用它解决实际生活中的问题,所以计算机要描述现实生活中的流程。[font="Times]Java语言中提供了[font="Times]4类程序控制语句,来描述流程:
7^q~a(j m|@H`=`d [font="Times] 1.循环语句[font="Times]:while,do-while,for
x%G3L\5 L[G O6l [font="Times]2.分支语句[font="Times]:if-else,switch,
??rS h Mu [font="Times]
o%$.8)B9F 3.跳转语句[font="Times] break,continue,label: 和[font="Times]return
0mY Y:?v [font="Times]
5</$dcG 4.异常处理语句[font="Times]:try-catch-finally,throw
Wy}I"q[~So <\aeC2~M 实践:
iq(PC3e`V [font="Times] 1.循环语句
'pdTV:]zA [font="Times] while 语句
XIHN6aQ{X [font="Times]class While {
_!\d?]Ya [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
+2~kHrv [font="Times]int n = 10;
(\9`$ [font="Times]while(n > 0) {
e#(Ck{e [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
ETe4I`d{ [font="Times]n--;
!_<6}:ZB [font="Times]}
j i"g)d6 [font="Times]}
7RAB"T;?Q [font="Times]}
IS bs l=F [font="Times] do…while 语句
P#,u9EIJ [font="Times] class DoWhile {
QHEtG2 [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
kmI0V[Y [font="Times]int n = 10;
q+
$6D;9 [font="Times]do {
yB*,)x0
@ [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
<uH8Fivb [font="Times]n--;
rl*O-S/ [font="Times]} while(n > 0);
Ifj&S'(): [font="Times]}
$B+| &]a [font="Times]}
*eVq(R9?T 二者区别,[font="Times]do…while至少循环一次,而[font="Times]while的表达式要是为[font="Times]flase的话可以一次也不循环。再通俗一点,[font="Times]do…while就算是括号里的是[font="Times]flase,人家最少也能[font="Times]do一次。
'X`Z1L/ [font="Times] for语句
yPm2??5MW> [font="Times] class ForTick {
/Rp]"S
vt [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
l] nt@0+ [font="Times]int n;
_FLEz|%~ [font="Times]for(n=10; n>0; n--)
^.SYAwL [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
N%y i4 [font="Times]}
]b/]^1-(b [font="Times]}
)*,/L < 与上面那两个的区别,[font="Times]for循环执行的次数是可以在执行之前确定的。通俗一点说吧,看这个例子[font="Times] for(n=10; n>0; n--)就是在括号里的时候,就已经知道要循环[font="Times]10次了。
@
D+ftb/ 还有啊,[font="Times]for循环的部分可以为空的
'Wonz<{' [font="Times]class ForVar {
^u/%zL [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
a^|DD#5 [font="Times]int i;
dhl[=Y`
Q [font="Times]boolean done = false;
g*|j+<:7 [font="Times]i = 0;
%\As [font="Times]for( ; !done; ) {
\{,TpK. [font="Times]System.out.println("i is " + i);
W.7rHa [font="Times]if(i == 10) done = true;
m7 =$*1k [font="Times]i++;
GP|=4T}Bf [font="Times]}
1gEH~Jmj [font="Times]}
OW:*qY c;: [font="Times]}
循环语句的例子下载 Nkdv'e\ [font="Times] 2.分支语句[font="Times]
=8kmFXo [font="Times] if/else语句
(
?V`|[+u [font="Times]class IfElse {
FqKJids- [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
;t`
?| [font="Times]int month = 4; // April
yC,/R371k [font="Times]String season;
WeI+|V$ [font="Times]if(month == 12 || month == 1 || month == 2)
|D3u"Y!:^ [font="Times]season = "Winter";
(JhX:1 [font="Times]else if(month == 3 || month == 4 || month == 5)
N0U/u'J!g [font="Times]season = "Spring";
#Ondhy%h[ [font="Times]else if(month == 6 || month == 7 || month == 8)
X|M!Nt0' [font="Times]season = "Summer";
E-MPFL [font="Times]else if(month == 9 || month == 10 || month == 11)
+jN}d=N- [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
DT1gy:?L [font="Times]else
x%P|T3Qy5 [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
"(koR Q [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
fn#8=TIDf [font="Times]}
}kbSbRH43 [font="Times]}
[\uR3$j# [font="Times]//这段程序输出[font="Times]:
g|=_@
pL [font="Times]//April is in the Spring.
WA{igj@\ [font="Times]// 注意[font="Times] “[font="Times]||”是或运算
H#-3 [font="Times] switch语句
I-7LT?r [font="Times] class Switch {
.b:!qUE^ [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
\>L,X_DL [font="Times]int month = 4;
5/48w-fnZ [font="Times]String season;
q>q:ZV [font="Times]switch (month) {
d1/emwH [font="Times]case 12:
D)_
C@*q [font="Times]case 1:
Rd?}<L [font="Times]case 2:
#c!:&9oU [font="Times]season = "Winter";
Nz{dnV{&x; [font="Times]break;
rCyb3,W [font="Times]case 3:
aD/Rr3v> [font="Times]case 4:
E$d3+`` [font="Times]case 5:
FoefBo?g65 [font="Times]season = "Spring";
HDyf]2N*N [font="Times]break;
-DDA b(2* [font="Times]case 6:
xVvUx,t [font="Times]case 7:
'X~tt#T [font="Times]case 8:
fSh5u/F! [font="Times]season = "Summer";
kH!Z|Ps?R [font="Times]break;
*P()&}JK [font="Times]case 9:
NOz3_k [font="Times]case 10:
@0`A!5h?u [font="Times]case 11:
fS]&?$q [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
:dmE/Tq [font="Times]break;
yI w}n67 [font="Times]default:
^}3^|jF [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
<QtZ6-;_f [font="Times]}
We+rFk1ddt [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
fJ,N.O+9E [font="Times]}
TyxIlI4" [font="Times]}
分支语句代码下载 :-&|QVH -"(*'hD [font="Times]switch语句适合于条件非常多的逻辑
r^9l/H~$ 请看上述语句可以混合使用,请看
下载例子