全新java初学者实践教程6(Java SE5.0版)
3b_/QT5! 基本语法3
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yJ F Qk Df *<3G 我们这个教程侧重的是实践的内容和语言的重点。在[font="Times]java语言中还有很多细节的东西,请参考[font="Times]sun公司的官方培训教程。我们这里不能一一讲述。这节课我们来给大家提供一些程序流程控制的一些例子供大家学习。计算机怎么做事情,是我们教给他的。我们用它解决实际生活中的问题,所以计算机要描述现实生活中的流程。[font="Times]Java语言中提供了[font="Times]4类程序控制语句,来描述流程:
c VO-iPK eK*oV}U-k [font="Times] 1.循环语句[font="Times]:while,do-while,for
FyPG5- KiKw,@ [font="Times]2.分支语句[font="Times]:if-else,switch,
#\^=3A|b [font="Times]
~?fl8RF\ 3.跳转语句[font="Times] break,continue,label: 和[font="Times]return
ED79a: [font="Times]
l1]{r2g 4.异常处理语句[font="Times]:try-catch-finally,throw
wEX<[#a- {^N,$,Ab. 实践:
'/ Hoq [font="Times] 1.循环语句
*C+[I [font="Times] while 语句
![r)KE=v8I [font="Times]class While {
YLA(hg| [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
Ij.mLO] [font="Times]int n = 10;
tx9%.)M:n [font="Times]while(n > 0) {
"j?x gV [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
^w``(-[* [font="Times]n--;
Yu_
eCq5/ [font="Times]}
fS|e{!iI" [font="Times]}
G;u~H< [font="Times]}
t g-(e=S4P [font="Times] do…while 语句
|zP~/ [font="Times] class DoWhile {
&K9RV4M5 [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
^OIo [font="Times]int n = 10;
LK*9`dzv=G [font="Times]do {
ts@$* [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
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n$'1Q [font="Times]n--;
er1XZ [font="Times]} while(n > 0);
piIz ff [font="Times]}
mrG?5.7W [font="Times]}
nFG X2|d 二者区别,[font="Times]do…while至少循环一次,而[font="Times]while的表达式要是为[font="Times]flase的话可以一次也不循环。再通俗一点,[font="Times]do…while就算是括号里的是[font="Times]flase,人家最少也能[font="Times]do一次。
rDoMz3[w [font="Times] for语句
J>#yA0QD2 [font="Times] class ForTick {
%++:
K [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
PX&}g-M9 [font="Times]int n;
ELMz~vp [font="Times]for(n=10; n>0; n--)
Z"w}`&TC$^ [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
h;r^9g [font="Times]}
#Y-_kQV* [font="Times]}
s}`
|!Vyl 与上面那两个的区别,[font="Times]for循环执行的次数是可以在执行之前确定的。通俗一点说吧,看这个例子[font="Times] for(n=10; n>0; n--)就是在括号里的时候,就已经知道要循环[font="Times]10次了。
uTrzC+\aU 还有啊,[font="Times]for循环的部分可以为空的
Ev [?5R [font="Times]class ForVar {
r^rk@W;[ [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
"oZ_1qi< [font="Times]int i;
=B;qy7? [font="Times]boolean done = false;
F 8sOc&L [font="Times]i = 0;
m3P7*S5NJ7 [font="Times]for( ; !done; ) {
iY2q^z/S [font="Times]System.out.println("i is " + i);
_]Ob)RUVH [font="Times]if(i == 10) done = true;
zIS ,N ' [font="Times]i++;
Bt$,=k [font="Times]}
7iM@BeIf [font="Times]}
'4u/ g [font="Times]}
循环语句的例子下载 zlQBBm;fE [font="Times] 2.分支语句[font="Times]
P()W\+",n [font="Times] if/else语句
&vN!>bR [font="Times]class IfElse {
eA?|X| [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
p^ROt'eQ< [font="Times]int month = 4; // April
7 mCf*| [font="Times]String season;
>^jBE'' [font="Times]if(month == 12 || month == 1 || month == 2)
l[$GOLeS [font="Times]season = "Winter";
;um)JCXz [font="Times]else if(month == 3 || month == 4 || month == 5)
@-dGZ5 [font="Times]season = "Spring";
mufGv%U2 [font="Times]else if(month == 6 || month == 7 || month == 8)
M\m:H3[ [font="Times]season = "Summer";
>fXtu:C-!J [font="Times]else if(month == 9 || month == 10 || month == 11)
MrHJ)x"hy [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
M=Ze)X\E*' [font="Times]else
#kM|!U= [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
1,+<|c)T? [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
vYV!8o.I [font="Times]}
UF!qp [font="Times]}
Z|n|gxe [font="Times]//这段程序输出[font="Times]:
tVAo o-% [font="Times]//April is in the Spring.
!~vK[G(R [font="Times]// 注意[font="Times] “[font="Times]||”是或运算
U=~?ca [font="Times] switch语句
U_*,XLU [font="Times] class Switch {
p [C
9g [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
-4Hb]#*2 [font="Times]int month = 4;
$^iio@SW{ [font="Times]String season;
%jjPs. [font="Times]switch (month) {
9-T<gYl [font="Times]case 12:
2]mV9B [font="Times]case 1:
wPM>-F [font="Times]case 2:
}?,?2U,8: [font="Times]season = "Winter";
{OEjITm [font="Times]break;
3LET zsJ [font="Times]case 3:
2V)+ba|+ [font="Times]case 4:
(BLxK)0<" [font="Times]case 5:
U~][
ph [font="Times]season = "Spring";
-fPiHKJ [font="Times]break;
?0t^7HMP [font="Times]case 6:
X+]>pA [font="Times]case 7:
x9Z89Gwi [font="Times]case 8:
W\zZ&*8$ [font="Times]season = "Summer";
<8b1OdA [font="Times]break;
s<{ Hu0K$ [font="Times]case 9:
+Xs E [font="Times]case 10:
_ARG
" [font="Times]case 11:
kZG .Id [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
_!o8s%9be [font="Times]break;
PN 93.G(W [font="Times]default:
?{ExBZNa [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
1@p, [font="Times]}
Csuasi3]1d [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
)=Z;H"_ [font="Times]}
Vq+7 /+2" [font="Times]}
分支语句代码下载 g}0K@z3 eY :"\c3
[font="Times]switch语句适合于条件非常多的逻辑
3l<qcKKc 请看上述语句可以混合使用,请看
下载例子