发帖回复

4924阅读
1回复

04研究生入学考试英语试题

小小

级别: 经院初中

发帖: 202

铜板: 2

人品值: 114

贡献值: 0

交易币: 0

好评度: 64

信誉值: 0

金币: 0

所在楼道

只看楼主更多操作楼层直达

0 发表于: 2007-12-19

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

时间： 2005年11月01日 17:38 作者：来源：新浪网

Section Ⅰ Listening Comprehension Part A(每题1分，共20分)Directions:
This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B, and Part C. Remember, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have five minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET I.
Now look at Part A in your test booklet.
Part A
Directions: For Quesstions1—5,you will hear a talk about Boston Museum of Fine Art. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.(5 points)

1、Geography of BelgiumThree main regions coastal plaincentral plateau Highest 1

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
highlands

2、altitude of the coastal plain 2 m

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
20

3、Climate near the sea 3 humid

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
mild

4、Particularly rainy months of the years 4 April

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
November

5、Average temperatures in July in Brussels low 13℃ high 5 ℃

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
22

Section Ⅰ Part B(每题1分，共5分)Directions: For Questions 6-10,you will hear an interview with Mr. Saffo from the Institute for the Future. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. ( 5 points )

6、What is Saffo according to himself?

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
A (technology)forecaster

7、The Institute for the Future provides services to private companies and

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
government agencies

8、The Institute believes that to think systematically about the long-range future is

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
(a)meaningful(exercise)

9、To succeed in anything, one should be flexible, curious and

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
open to change

10、What does Saffo consider to be essential to the work of a team?

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
Trust and cooperation

Section Ⅰ Part C（共三节，满分10分） Directions: You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A,B,C or D . After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. ( 10 points )
Questions 11-13 are based on the following talk about naming newborns. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11-13.

11、What do we often do with the things we love?

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
D
A.Ask for their names.
B.Name babies after them.
C.Put down their names.
D.Choose names for them.

12、 The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is often overlooked if

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
B
A. the family tree is fairly limited.
B. the family tie is strong enough.
C.the name is commonly used.
D.nobody in the family complains.

13、 Several months after a baby’s birth, its name will

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
C
A.show the beauty of its own.
B.develop more associations.
C.lose the original meaning.
D.help form the baby’s personality.

Questions 14-16 are based on the biography of Bobby Moore, an English soccer player. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.
14. How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
D
A. 90.
B .108.
C.180.
D. 668.

15、In 1964, Bobby Moore was made

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
A
A.England’s footballer of the year.
B.a soccer coach in West Germany.
C.a medalist for his sportsmanship.
D.a number of the Order of the British Empire.

16、After Moore retired from playing, the first thing he did was

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
C
A.editing Sunday Sport.
B.working for Capital Radio.
C.managing professional soccer teams.
D.developing a sports marketing company.

Questions 17-20 are based on the on the city of Belfast. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.
17. Belfast has long been famous for its

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
B
A. oil refinery.
B. linen textiles.
C.food products.
D. deepwater port.

18、Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
A
A. Soap.
B. Grain.
C.Steel.
D.Tobacco.

19、When was Belfast founded?

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
A
A. In 1177.
B. In 1315.
C.In the 16th century.
D. In the 17th century.

20、 What happened in Belfast in the late 18th century?

（本题分值：1分）

【正确答案】
C
A. French refugees arrived.
B. The harbor was destroyed.
C.Shipbuilding began to flourish.
D.The city was taken by the English.

Section II Use of English（满分10分） Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (21)[] on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (22)[] they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (23)[] with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in (24)[] to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status (25)[] as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (26)[] the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (27)[] lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (28)[] to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29)[] juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30)[] to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31)[] make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32)[] lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also(33)[] changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; (34)[], children are likely to have less supervision at home (35)[] was common in the traditional family (36)[]. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (37)[] causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (38)[] of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (39)[] of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (40)[] a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

21、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
C
［注释］“很多有关少年犯罪原因的理论，要么把个人当成主要的影响因素，要么把社会当成主要的影响因素。关注个人的理论认为，孩子们的犯罪行为是因为他们先前的错误行为未受到应有的处罚或是因为别人的影响”。此题考查的是动词词组的用法。A ACT ON是指“对…有影响、有作用”；B RELY ON 是指“依靠”；D CEMENT意思是“加强、巩固”。只有C项CENTER ON可以表示围绕，观注，把…当成重点、中心、主题的意思，与上下文相契合。
A. acting
B. relying
C.centering
D. commenting

22、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
D
［注释］参见21题解析中的译文，22题的考察点是连词。A BEFORE;B UNLESS“除非”;C UNTIL“直到”。这几项都与上下文句意格格不入。
A. before
B. unless
C.until
D. because

23、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
A
［注释］参见21题解析中的译文。“与别人的导致他们的犯罪行为”。B ASSIMILATION“消化，吸收”，与D CONSULTATION“询问”，均不与介词WITH连用，故只有A INTERACTIONS“相互作用，相互影响”，与C COOPERATION“合用”，可与WITH连用。INTERACTION不但有“相互协作、合用”的意思，还有“影响、作用”的意思，孩子们犯罪是因为一起生活时的影响，而不会仅仅是相处时的友好合作。
A. interactions
B. assimilation
C.cooperation
D. consultation

24、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
D
［注释］“观注社会作用的理论认为孩子们犯罪是他们对在争取社会经济地位中的失败的反应，或是他们对中层阶级价值观的拒斥”。少有IN RETURN TO 或IN REFERENCE TO这样的用法，故A RETURN与C REFERENCE当排除在外。IN REPLY TO 与IN RESPONSE TO 都是对…反应，回应的意思，只是IN REPLY TO 这一词组中，进行回应者的主观性、主动性更强些，而IN RESPONSE TO 则稍显客观些。
A. return
B. reply
C.reference
D. response

25、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
A
［注释］参见24题解析中的译文，可知所考查的连接词前后是并列成分，并没有转折的含义，故当选A。
A. or
B. but rather
C.but
D. or else

26、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
B
［注释］“MOST THEORIES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY HAVE FOCUSED ON CHILDREN FROM DISADVANTAGED FAMILIES,THE FACT THAT CHILDREN FROM WEALTHY HOMES ALSO COMMIT CRIMES.”(大多数关于少年犯罪的理论都聚焦在贫困弱势家庭，而忽略了富家子弟也会犯罪这一事实。)后半句是伴随状语从句。A CONSIDERING“考虑”；C HIGHLIGHTING“强调”，这两项都与句意不符合。D DISCARDING“抛弃”，这些理论是没有注意到状语从句中所表述的事实，而不是有意舍弃这些事实，故此题选B IGNORING.
A. considering
B. ignoring
C.highlighting
D. discarding

27、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
C
［注释］“THE LATTER MAY COMMIT CRIMESLACK OF ADEQUATE PARENTAL CONTROL.”(富家子弟犯罪是因为缺乏足够的父母管教。)连接词后边的部分明显是所犯罪的原因，而只有FOR于此可以表示原因，故当选C。
A. on
B. in
C.for
D. with

28、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
D
［注释］“ALL THEORIES, HOWEVER, ARE TENTATIVE AND ARE TO CRITICISM.”(所有的理论都是尝试性的并都会受批评。)C BE SENTITIVE TO CRITICISM“对批评很敏感”，与上下文注意有偏离；而B BE RESISTANT TO “对批评有抵抗力”；A BE IMMUNE TO .“对批评有免疫力”都与上下文意相悖。故只有D BE SUBJECT TO CRITICISM符合文意。词组BE SUBJECT TO STH.:OFTEN HAVING, SUFFERING OR UNDERGOING STH.;LIABLE TO STH."“常有、常患或常遭遇某事物；倾向某物”。
A. immune
B. resistant
C.sensitive
D. subject

29、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
A
［注释］“CHANGES IN SOCIAL STRUCTURE MAY INDIRECTLYJUVENILE CRIME RATES.”(社会结构中的变化会间接影响少年犯罪率。)
A. affect
B. reduce
C.chock
D. reflect

30、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
B
［注释］FOR EXAMPLE, CHANGES IN THE ECONOMY THATTO FEWER JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUTH AND RISING UNEMPLOYMENT MAKE GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT INCREASINGLY DIFFICULT TO OBTAIN.(例如，经济中的变化导致青年就业机会的减少和失业的上升，通常情况下，这又使获得有利可图的工作变得越来越困难。)A POINT TO “指向”；B LEAD TO“引向；导致”；C COME TO“到达”；D AMOUNT TO“ (累计)达到”。
A. point
B. lead
C.come
D. amount

31、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
A
［注释］参见30题解析译文。这一题考察的是固定短语，A IN GENERAL“通常”；B ON AVERAGE“平均”；C BY CONTRAST“相比，相对，相反”；D AT LENGTH “最后”。
A. in general
B. on average
C.by contrast
D. at length

32、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
C
［注释］THE RESULTING DISCONTENT MAY IN LEAD MORE YOUTHS INTO CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.(最终的不满情绪进而会引导更多的青年走向犯罪。)这一句承接前面两句，是递进关系。A IN CASE 不是一个完整的词组；B IN SHORT“总之”；D IN ESSENCE“本质上”，都不合题意。只有C IN TURN“依次；逐个”，最适合上下文。
A. case
B. short
C.turn
D. essence

33、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
D
［注释］FAMILIES HAVE ALSOCHANGES THESE YEARS.(这些年来，家庭也经历了一些变化。)C UNDERTAKEN 表示从事，与句意相去甚远。B NOTICED“留心，看到”，此处若改NOTICED为 SAW,还说得过去，因为SEE可以表示经历或进行某事。THIS COAT OF MINE HAS SEEN HARD WEAR.我这件大衣穿了很久了。SEE作EXPERIENCE/UNDERGO解释。A SURVIVE意为幸存：CONTINUE TO LIVE OR EXIST IN SPITE OF NEARLY BEING KILLED OR DESTROYED BY STH.这里若用SURVIVE CHANGES，则意思是家庭虽经历了社会的变化而自身依然如故，正好与文意相反。
A. survived
B. noticed
C.undertaken
D. experienced

34、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
B
［注释］MORE FAMILIES CONSIST OF ONE PARENT HOUSEHOLDS OR TWO WORKING PARENTS;,CHILDREN ARE LIKELY TO HAVE LESS SUPERVISION AT HOME WAS COMMON IN THE TRADITIONAL FAMILY.(更多的单亲家庭和双职工家庭出现了。结果是，比起在传统的家庭结构中，孩子们受到的监督变少了。)根据文意，可知空移前后是因果关系。A CONTRARILY,“相反地”；B CONSEQUENTLY“结果”；C SIMILARLY“相似地”；D SIMULTANEOUSLY“ 同时地”，只有B可以表示因果。
A. contrarily
B. consequently
C.similarly
D. simultaneously

35

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
A
［注释］参见34题，LESS…THAN是固定的搭配。
A.than
B. that
C.which
D. as

36、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
B
［注释］参见34题。D FAMILY HERITAGE“家庭遗传”；C FAMILY CONCEPT“家庭观念”很容易排除这两项。只有A SYSTEM“家庭系统”，干挠性最强，但也少有这种表述，而用FAMILY STRUCTRURE则更为合适。
A. system
B. structure
C.concept
D. heritage

37、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
B
［注释］OTHERCAUSE OF OFFENSIVE ACTS INCLUDE FRUSTRATION OR FAILURE IN SCHOOL, THE INCREASED OF DRUGS AND ALCONOL, AND THE GROWINGOF CHILD ABUSE AND CHILD NEGLECT.(其它可以察明的犯罪行为的原因有：在学校的挫折和失败，毒品和酒更为容易获得，虐待和忽视孩子的情形也有增长。)A ASSESSABLE“可估测的”，C NEGLIGIBLE“不值得考虑的”，D INCREDIBLE“不可信的”，皆与文意相差太远。
A. assessable
B. identifiable
C.negligible
D. incredible

38、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
D
［注释］参见37题。A EXPENSE“ 花销”，B RESTRICTION “限制”，C ALLOCATION “分配”，D AVAILABILITY“可用，可得”。A项差强人意，但有了D项，不仅语法畅顺，而且在文意上更合情理。
A. expense
B. restriction
C.allocation
D. availability

39、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
A
［注释］B AWARENESS与C EXPOSURE 都很容易排除。D POPULARITY,也可以表示“普遍性”，但又含有“受人欢迎”的意思。较POPULARITY 而言，PREVALENCE则中性了一些，但选项中没有PREVALENCE.A INCIDENCE指“发生率；影响范围”，与PREVALENCE接近，故选A。
A. incidence
B. awareness
C.exposure
D. popularity

40、

（本题分值：0.5分）

【正确答案】
C
［注释］文中最后一句空格后有“…HAS NOT YET…”中就可以知道空格处的的连接词应当表示转折，而只有C ALTHOUGH“尽管”有转折意义，A、B、D三项都不合适。
A. provided
B. since
C.although
D. supposing

Section III Reading Comprehension Part A（满分40分） Directions: Read the following four Passages. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)

Passage 1
Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D.C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company. With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. But although a search agent worked for Redmon, career experts see drawbacks. Narrowing your criteria, for example, may work against you:“Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert. For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept —— what you think you want to do —— then broaden it. “None of these programs do that,” says another expert. “There’s no career counseling implicit in all of this.” Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again.“I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,” says the author of a job-searching guide. Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return. When CareerSite’s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service, for example, it includes only three potential jobs —— those it considers the best matches. There may be more matches in the database; job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them —— and they do.“"On the day after we send our messages, we see a sharp increase in our traffic,” says Seth Peets, vice president of marketing for CareerSite. Even those who aren't hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at CareerBuilder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.
41. How did Redmon find his job?

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
C
［注释］细节题。此题答案可以从第一段中找出，并且这一篇文章通篇都在讲PERSONAL SEARCH AGENT这项服务。A BY SEARCHING OPENINGS IN A JOB DATABASE太笼统。D BY E-MAILING HIS RESUME TO A DATABASE太具体。B BY POSTING A MATCHING POSITION IN A DATABASE,这不是REDMON 而是DATABASE 或者EMPLOYER所做的。
A.By searching openings in a job database.
B. By posting a matching position in a database.
C.By using a special service of a database.
D.By E-mailing his resume to a database.

42. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
A
［注释］细节题。第二段最后一句话，NARROWING YOUR CRITERIA…放窄标准会对找工作不利。第三段第一句，FOR ANY JOB SEARCH…在找工作时，一般是从较狭窄的意向开始，即你要干什么，然后再放宽一些，但有位专业人士说，“NONE OF THESE PROGRAMES DO THAT”,"THERE'S NO CAREER COUNSELING IMPLICIT IN ALL OF THIS."
A.Lack of counseling.
B.Limited number of visits.
C.Lower efficiency.
D.Fewer successful matches.

43、The expression “tip service” (Line 4, Paragraph 3) most probably means

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
D
［注释］词义题。此题只有A最具干挠性，因为TIP有ADVICE 的意思，但这里的TIP SERVICE不可以作ADVISOTY SERVICE，因为ADVISORY SERVICE与COUNSELING是没有本质区别的，选A便与42题矛盾。另外，下文及第四段便是对此的说明。
A.advisory.
B.compensation.
C.interaction.
D.reminder.

44、Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
B
［注释］细节题。根据43题，既然TIP SERVICE 起REMINDER的作用，“REMINDER TO CHECK THE DATABASE AGAIN.”(第三段第五行)，那么B TO ATTRACT MORE RETURNING VISITS便是唯一符合题目的答案，第四段“THERE MAY BE MORE MATCHES IN THE DATABASE; JOB HUNTERS WILL HAVE TO VISIT THE SITE AGAIN TO FIND THEMAND THEY DO”,是进一步的具体说明。
A.To focus on better job matches.
B.To attract more returning visits.
C.To reserve space for more messages.
D.To increase the rate of success.

45、Which of the following is true according to the text?

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
C
［注释］细节题。并非所有人都通过网络求职，所以A PERSONAL SEARCH AGENTS ARE INDISPENSABLE TO JOB-HUNTERS 是不正确的表述，最后一段第二句，SOME USE THEM TO KEEP A CLOSE WATCH ON THE DEMAND FOR THEIR LINE OF WORK…错选B项的同学一定是没有读清楚这一句话：ALTHOUGH HAPPILY EMPLOYED, REDMON MAITNAIN HIS AGENT AT CAREERBUILDER.由此可知选C。
译文解读去年年底，甘特莱得门律师到处求职时，在互联网上的工作职位库“打造事业”中搜索一气，他没有成功地找到工作，但却被这个网站的“个人搜索代理”吸引住了。这种服务是互动的，人们可以键入诸如地点、职位和薪金的求职标准，等到资料库里有了合适的工作职位时，系统就会发电子邮件给他们。莱得门选择了法律、知识产权和哥伦比亚特区华盛顿这些关键词。三周后，他收到了第一份通知，“我可找到金矿了，”莱得门说，他用电子邮件把自己的简历发给了那位老板，由此得到了该公司的内部的辩护律师职务。本文是一篇有关在互联网上求职的小品文。互联网上有成千上万个与找工作的有关的网站，碰到一个有前途的机会需要花很多时间，而且往往效率不高，搜索代理使人不必反复访问资料库。但是虽然有一个搜索代理帮了莱得门的忙，求职专家们还是注意到了一些缺点。例如，将自己的工作标准范围定得很窄，反而对你产生不利影响，每回答一个问题，你就失去了一个做另外一种工作的机会”一个专家说。第一段主要说明了莱得门在互联网上成功求职的经历。对于任何求职者来说你应该从一个狭窄的范围开始——你认为你想干的工作——作为出发点，然后拓宽它。“这些电脑程序中没有一个是这么设计的，”另一个专家说。“整个体系中没有任何就业咨询的成分在里面”。因此，最有效的办法就是将这个代理看作是一种提示器，使你手头总是有几个工作机会；收到电子邮件的时候，就当它是提醒你再去资料库里看一看。”我不会指望代理功能帮我找到资料库中所有吸引我的东西。”一个求职指南的作者说。第二段指出“个人搜索代理”的优缺点。有的网站尽力设计自己的代理系统，以吸引求职者回来。例如，事业网站的代理系统给登记过的人发的邮件中只包含三种可能的工作职位——它所认为最好的三个。资料库中或许还有更多；求职者只得回到网站中才能看到它们——而他们也确实是这么做了。“我们发出邮件的第二天，网站上的流量就会急剧增加”，事业网站的市场部副经理塞斯皮资说。第三段的内容主要是写有关专家对求职代理这一服务的建议。即使是那些并不需要找工作的人也觉得搜索代理很有价值。有些人通过它们密切关注着市场对自己这个职业的需求，或者搜集有关信息，好在和老板谈判加薪的时候有些底气。莱得门虽然工作得很开心，但他仍保留着在“打造事业”网站的搜索代理。“这样你就知道外面的一切”他说。有一个个人搜索代理就等于有另外一双眼睛帮你留心外面的世界。最后两段说明了“个人搜索代理”的发展和进步意义。
A.Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.
B. Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.
C.Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.
D.Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.

Section III Part B(每题2分，共10分)Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)

The relation of language and mind has interested philosophers for many centuries. (61) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be. Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. Two anthropologist-linguists, Franz Boas Edward Sapir, were pioneers in describing many native languages of North and South America during the first half of the twentieth century. (62) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. Other linguists in the earlier part of this century, however, who were less eager to deal with bizarre data from "exotic" language, were not always so grateful. (63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data Native American languages are indeed different, so much so in fact that Navajo could be used by the US military as a code during World War II to send secret messages. Sapir’s pupil, Benjamin Lee Whorf, continued the study of American Indian languages. (64) Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because the structure of habitual thought in a society. He reasoned that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another. (65) Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society. Later, this idea became to be known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, but this term is somewhat inappropriate. Although both Sapir and Whorf emphasized the diversity of languages ,Sapir himself never explicitly supported the notion of linguistic determinism.
61、

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
希腊人认为，语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。

62、

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
我们之所有感激他们（两位先驱），是因为在此之后，这些（土著）语言中有一些已经不复存在了，这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。

本帖最近评分记录：共 1 条评分隐藏

	陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19	-

评价一下你浏览此帖子的感受

回复引用

举报顶端

小小

级别: 经院初中

发帖: 202

铜板: 2

人品值: 114

贡献值: 0

交易币: 0

好评度: 64

信誉值: 0

金币: 0

所在楼道

只看该作者 1 发表于: 2007-12-19

63、

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
这些新近被描述的语言与已经得到充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著，以至于有些学者甚至指责Boas和Sapir编造了材料。

64、

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
Whorf对语言与思维的关系很感兴趣，逐渐形成了这样的观点：在一个社会中，语言的结构决定习惯思维的结构。

65、

（本题分值：2分）

【正确答案】
Whorf进而相信某种类似语言决定论的观点，其极端说法是：语言禁锢思维，语言的语法结构能对一个社会的文化产生深远的影响。

Section IV (共20分)Writing

66、Directions:
Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing
2) interpret its meaning, and.
3) support your view with examples.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points) 终点又是新起点

本帖最近评分记录：共 9 条评分隐藏

陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19	-
陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19
陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19
陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19
陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19
陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19
陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19
陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19
陆上的鱼	铜币	+30	2007-12-19

回复引用

举报顶端

发帖回复

« 返回列表上一主题下一主题


	https://bbs.uebbs.com 访问内容超出本站范围，不能确定是否安全


	关闭您还没有登录，快捷通道只有在登录后才能使用。立即登录还没有帐号？赶紧注册一个


	关闭选中1篇全选

帖子

书签

04研究生入学考试英语试题