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练习口语的6种技巧,狂推!!! <v-92?
练习口语的6种技巧练习口语的6种技巧有没有机会在美国生存、发展下去,关键是要看有没有机会去表达自己,和别人交流。如果你学的是哑巴英语,到了美国你将十分困难。而目前我们的大学英语教育是有缺陷的。学一种语言,交流是目的,而不是语言本身。我们往往把英语仅仅当做一门知识在学,从小学到大,到最后,还是不会说英语。 A'(k
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语言的交流与掌握大量的词汇、句型、语法是两回事。就语言本身的知识来说,我们已经过关了。我们缺少的就是在交流中来运用英语,只有在交流中我们才能与对方进行思维密码的相互破译。同样的话在不同的语言交流环境中所表达的意思是不一样的。 CCwK8`%
我建议要把我们学习的目标收缩,把追求大而广的英语知识转化为追求一种定量性的技巧,我认为有6种技巧,是美国人和美国人之间交流的关键性东西,如果我们能掌握这6种技巧,就可以更好地理解美国人的思维,从而学好口语。 LQ|<3]
第一,如何用英文简单界定一个东西的技巧。美国人和美国人交谈80%是想告诉对方这个事物是什么。我们的课本尽管词汇难度不断加深,但思维逻辑结构却只停留在一个水平上。中国人常说Where is the book(这本书在哪儿)?很少有人说What is a book(书是什么)?而美国的小学生就开始问:What is the book?这种Where is the book只是思维的描述阶段。但是我想连大学生也很难回答What is a book?因为中国传统英语教学模式没有教会学生表达思想的技巧。 m"1
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第二,如果已经学会界定,但理解还有偏差,那就要训练How to explain things in different ways(用不同的方式解释同一事物)。一种表达式对方不懂,美国人会寻找另一种表达式最终让对方明白。因为事物就一个,但表达它的语言符号可能会很多。这就要多做替换练习。传统的教学方法也做替换练习,但这种替换不是真替换,只是语言层面的替换,而不是思维层面的替换。比如,I love you(我爱你)。按我们教学的替换方法就把you换成her,my mother等,这种替换和小学生练描红没有什么区别。这种替换没有对智力构成挑战,没有启动思维。这种替换句子的基本结构没变,我听不懂I love you,肯定也听不懂I love her。如果替换为I want to kiss you,I want to hug you,I will show my heart to you等,或者给对方讲电影《泰坦尼克》,告诉对方那就是爱,这样一来对方可能就明白了。这才叫真正的替换。也就是说用一种不同的方式表达同一个意思,或者一个表达式对方听不清楚,举一个简单易懂的例子来表达,直到对方明白。 otZ JY)
第三,我们必须学会美国人怎样描述东西。从描述上来讲,由于中美的文化不同会产生很大的差异。我们描述东西无外乎把它放在时间和空间两个坐标上去描述。美国人对空间的描述总是由内及外,由里及表。而中国人正好相反。从时间上来说,中国人是按自然的时间顺序来描述。我们描述一个东西突然停住时,往往最后说的那个地方是最重要的。美国人在时间的描述上先把最重要的东西说出来,然后再说陪衬的东西。只有发生悲剧性的事件,美国人才在前面加上铺垫。这就是中国人和美国人在时间描述上的巨大差别。 {kv4g\a;
第四,要学会使用重要的美国习语。不容易学、易造成理解困惑的东西就是“习语”。比如北京人说盖了帽儿了,外国人很难理解,这就是习语。所以和美国人交流时,能适当地运用美国习语,他马上就会觉得很亲切,也很爱和你交流。那么什么是习语?就是每个单词你都认识,但把它们组合在一起,你就不知道是什么意思了。 /3;=xZq
第五,学会两种语言的传译能力。这是衡量口语水平的一个最重要标准。因为英语不是我们的母语,我们天生就有自己的母语。很多人都认为学好外语必须丢掉自己的母语,这是不对的。 5[ hlg(eb
第六,要有猜测能力。为什么美国人和美国人、中国人和中国人之间交流很少产生歧义?就是因为他们之间能“猜测”。我们的教学不提倡“猜测”。但我觉得猜测对学好美国口语很重要。在交流中,有一个词你没有听懂,你不可能马上去查字典,这时候就需要猜测来架起一座桥梁来弥补这个缺口,否则交流就会中断。 {.%0@{Y
中国人学习口语讲究背诵,背句型、背语调,结果就是很多人讲口语的时候讲着讲着眼就开始向上翻,实际上是在记忆中寻找曾经背过的东西。如果他要是能猜测的话,我想也就不会出现这种现象。 J2x$uO{Bn
以上就是我所说的学会用美国人思维方式的6个技巧。中国学生如果能做到这6点,用较短的时间肯定能学好口语。 k.ww-nH
再说说英语语音的问题。我们中国人不需要钻牛角尖,一定追求发音像一个本地人,只要我们的发音不至于让对方产生误解就可以了。我们在平时,不需要迷信什么科学方法,只需要记住一点:模仿。但一定要模仿标准的英语或美语。在模仿的基础上,每天保持1个小时的自我口语练习,这个练习必须假想一个双向交流的场合,即仿佛有人与你交流一样。 &A#90xzF
最后,讲讲英语的用气问题。我们在发音时,尽量气运丹田,而避免用肺发音,这可以使英语发音洪亮圆润。228句最常用英文口语短句 l9,w>]s
1. it's up to you.(由你决定。) fjG /dhr
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2. i envy [羡慕]you.(我羡慕你。) _2x uzmz0
3. how can i get in touch with you? 7{8)ykBU^
4. where can i wash my hands? (请问洗手间在哪里?) T&e%/
5. what's the weather like today?(今天天气如何?) |Yg}WHm
6. where are you headed [朝…方向行进]? (你要到哪里去?) KN|'|2/|
7. i wasn't born yesterday.(我又不是三岁小孩。) U@MOvW)
8. what do you do for relaxation[消遣、娱乐]?(你做什么消遣?) 7YSuB9{M
9. it’s a small world.(世界真小!) )z|_*||WU^
10. it’s my treat[请客、款待] this time.(这次我请客!) 7jD@Gp`" 3
11. the sooner the better. (越快越好。) 12. when is the most convenient [方便的;便利的] time for you? ~9]Vy
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13. take your time.(慢慢来/别着急。) o<Ke3?J\
14. i'm mad about bruce lee.(我迷死李小龙了。) i'm crazy[着迷的;狂热爱好的] about rock music. (我对摇滚乐很着迷。) .jy)>"h0
15. how do i address you?(我怎么称呼你?) 16. what was your name again? (请再说一次名字好吗?) <:H
17. would you care for[喜欢] a cop of coffee?(要被咖啡吗?) yzODF>KJ
18. she turns me off.(她使我厌烦。) UeC 81*XZ
19. so far so good.(目前为止,一切都好。) 20. it drives[逼迫;迫使] me crazy.(它把握逼疯了。) !k ;[^>
21. she never showed up[出席;露面].(她一直没有出现。) C5d/)aC
22. that's not like him.(那不象是他的风格。) 23. i couldn't get through.(电话打不通。) 24. i got sick and tired of hotels.(我讨厌旅馆。) Cf.WO %?P
25. be my guest.(请便、别客气) XP3QBq
26. can you keep an eye on my bag?(帮我看一下包好吗?) ei(|5h
27. let's keep in touch.(让我们保持联系。) 28. let's call it a day[决定或同意暂时或永久停止(进行某事)]. F12S(5Z0%
29. i couldn't help[避免;阻止] it.(我没办法。) WIhIEU7 /
30. something's come up[发生/出现].(有点事/出事了) #zh6=.,7
31. let's get to the point[要点/核心问题].(让我们来谈要点。) *
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32. keep that in mind.(记住那件事。) HE4`9$kVLr
33. that was a close call.(太危险了/千钧一发) *(>F'>F1"
34. i'll be looking forward to it.(我将期待这一天。) Ji)%Y5F
35. chances are slim[渺茫的;微小的].(机会很小。)
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36. far from it.(一点也不。) }C9VTJs|
37. i’m behind in my work.(我工作进度落后了。) ]M02>=1
38. it's a pain in the neck[麻烦的事(人)].(那真是件麻烦事) 9G=A)j
39. we're in the same boat.(我们处境相同。) 40. my mouth is watering.(我在流口水了。) 41. what do you recommend?(你推荐什么?) 8JFnB(3xU
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42. i ache all over.(我浑身酸痛。) k|)^!BdO
43. i have a runny nose.(我流鼻涕。) w`w `q'
44. it's out of the question.(这是不可能的。) 45. do you have any openings?(你们有空缺吗?) 46. it doesn't make any difference.(没什么差别/无所谓。) sf=%l10Fk#
47. i'm fed up[极其厌烦] with him.(我受够他了。) 0EF,uRb
48. you can count on[指望;依赖] us.(你可以信赖我们。) ixoMccU0
49. it doesn't work.(坏了;不动了。) 50.it's better than nothing.(总比什么都没有好。) U<#$w{d:
51. think nothing of it.(别放在心上。) 52. i'm not myself today.(我今天心神不宁。) 53. i have a sweet tooth.(我喜欢吃甜食。) 54. i can't express[表示;表达;表明] myself very well in english. (我不能很好地用英语表达自己。) 55. for the time being.(暂时;暂且;目前) 56. this milk has gone bad.(这牛奶变质了。) 57. don't beat around the bush. (别拐弯抹角了。) 58. it's up in the air[悬而未决].(尚未确定。) 59. math is beyond[对某人而言难以想象/理解/估计] me.(我对数学无能为力。) 60. it slipped my mind.(我忘了。) 61. you can't please[使人感到满意和愉快] everyone.(你不可能讨好每一个人。) 62. i'm working on[着手;从事] it.(我正在努力。) 63. you bet!(当然!) 64. drop me a line[短信].(写封信给我) 65. are you pulling my leg[同某人开玩笑;取笑]?(你在开我玩笑吗?) 66. sooner or later.(迟早会的。) 67. i'll keep my ears open.(我会留意的。) 68. it isn't much.(那是微不足道的。) 69. neck and neck.(不分上下。) 70. i'm feeling under the weather.(我觉得不舒服/精神不好/情绪低落。) 71. don't get me wrong[误解].(不要误会我。) 72. i'm under a lot of pressure.(我压力很大。) 73. you're the boss.(听你的。) 74. it doesn't make any sense!(毫无意义!) 75. if i were in your shoes[处在某人的位置].(如果我是你的话。) 76. what's this regarding?(这是关于哪方面的?) 77. over my dead body!(休想!) 78. can you give me a hand[帮手;援助]?(你能帮个忙吗?) 79. we have thirty minutes to kill[消磨;打发(时间)].(我们有三十分钟空闲时间。) 80. whatever you say.(随便你。) 81. it'll come to me.(我会想起来的。) ~{kA) :
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82. you name[具体地(说出来)] it!(你说出来。) 83. time will tell.(时间会证明的。) 84. i will play it by ear[见机行事;临时现做].(我会见机行事的;到时候再说。) 85. you should take advantage of[利用] it.(你应该好好利用这个机会。) 86. let's talk over coffee.(我们边喝边谈。) 87. take it easy.(轻松一点;别紧张;放松放松;再见。) [这是美国人最喜欢说的话,也可作离别用语。] 88. i'm easy to please[使…高兴;讨…喜欢].(我很容易取悦/相处。) 89. let's give him a big hand.(让我们热烈鼓掌。) 90. as far as i'm concerned.(就我而言。) 91. i'm all mixed up.(我全搞混了。) 92. let's get together one of these days.(找一天聚聚。) 93. he's behind the times.(他落伍了/跟不上时代了。) 94. i'm pressed for time.(我时间紧迫。) 95. i'm up to my ears[忙得不可开交;深陷于某事物中] in work.(我忙死了。) 96. you can't do this to me.(你不能这么对我。) 97. just to be on the safe side. (为了安全起见。) 98. i hope i didn't offend you.(希望没有冒犯你。) 99. it won't take much time.(不会花很长时间的。) 100. it's been a long time.(好久不见了。) 101. it’s nothing.(小事情;不足挂齿。) 102. it’s a long story.(说来话长。) 103. it's about time.(时间差不多了。) 104. it's incredible.(难以置信!) 105. it's hard to say.(难说。) 106. i can't imagine why.(我想不通为什么。) 107. that can't be.(不可能。) 108. that's really something.(真了不起。) 109. are you sure?(你确信吗?) 110. are you crazy?(你疯了吗?) 111. excuse me for a moment.(失陪一会儿。) 112. i mean it. i'm serious. i'm no kidding!(我是认真的。) 113. i'll consider this matter.(我会考虑这件事的。) 114. i'll do something about it.(我会想办法的。) 115. what are you talking about?(你在说些什么?) 116. i'm afraid i can't.(恐怕我不行。) 117. i'm dying[很想] to see you.(我真想见你。) 118. i'm flattered.(过奖了。) 119. i'm not in the mood.(我没心情。) 120. i'm so scared.(我怕极了) T(t
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121. i can't make[赶上] it.(我去不了/我赶不上。) 122. you can never tell.(不知道/谁也没把握。) 123. i won't buy[相信;接受] you story.(我不信你那一套。) 124. it hurts like hell!(疼死啦!) 125. it can't be helped.(无能为力。) 126. sorry to bother you.(抱歉打扰你。[事前]) sorry to have bothered you.(抱歉打扰你。[事后]) 127. i'm always punctual.(我总是很准时。) 128. you may leave it to me.(交给我来办。) 129. i wish i could.(不行。)[委婉表达法] 130. what's the rush?(什么事那么匆忙?) 131. what's so funny/(有什么好笑的?) 132. i couldn't agree more.(我完全同意。) 133. stay out of this matter, please.(请别管这事。) 134. don't just shake you head.(别光摇头,想想办法!) 135. don't jump to conclusions.(别仓促/过早下结论。) 136. that was a lousy movie.(那电影糟透了!) 137. have you thought about staying home?(是否考虑在家呆着?) 138. i'll come. i give you my word.(我会来的。我向你保证。) 139. i swear i'll never tell anyone.(我发誓不告诉任何人。) 140. i'll make it up to you.(我会赔偿的。) 141. i'm very / really / terribly / awfully / extremely sorry.(十分抱歉!) 142. forgive me for breaking my promise.(原谅我食言。) 143. let's forgive and forget.(让我们摈弃前嫌。) 144. i've heard so much about you!(久仰大名!) 145. don't underestimate me.(别小看我。) 146. she gives me a headache.(她让我头疼。) 147. it's very annoying.(真烦人。) 148. he often fails to keep his word.(他常常不遵守诺言。) 149. you made me feel ashamed of myself.(你让我感到羞愧。) 150. i hope it turns out all right.(我希望结果很好。) 151. i can't handle this alone.(我无法单独处理这事。) 152. how long will it take to have this radio fixed?(修理这收音机要多久?) 153. come to me if you're in any difficulty.(有困难来找我。) 154. who do you think you are?(你以为你是谁?) 155. you're wasting you breath.(你在白费口舌。) 156. it doesn't seem like that.(似乎不象是那样。) 157. don't get on my nerves!(不要搅得我心烦。) 158. everything will be fine.(一切都会很好。) 159. i'll be ready in a few minutes.(再过几分钟就好了。) 160. i wonder what happened to him.(我不知道他出什么事了。) 161. you are just trying to save face.(你只是想挽回面子。) 162. his argument doesn't hold water.(他的论点站不住脚。) 163. your face tells it all.(你的表情透露了一切。) 164. the days are getting longer.(白天越来越长了。) 165. you've got to do something.(你一定要想办法。) 166. i hope this will teach you a lesson.(希望这会给你一个教训。) 167. i feel younger than ever.(我觉得比以前年轻。) 168. it's a hard job, but i hope he can make it. (这不是件容易的差事,但我希望他能做到。) 169. don't look wise.(别自作聪明。) 170. i'm afraid all my efforts were in vain.(我担心我的努力全白费了。) G*kXWEx
171. what happened to you memory?(你的记性是怎么搞的?) 172. you're goin好好学习,天天校内!(你太过分了!) 173. don't bury your head in the sand.(不要逃避现实。) 174. i have no other choice.(我别无选择。) 175. i don't have the nerve to do it.(我没胆/勇气去做。) 176. it's a matter of life and death.(事关生死。) 177. nothing works.(什么都不对劲儿。) 178. money will come and go.(钱乃身外之物。) 179. he's been behind bars for almost 30 years.(他坐了将近30年牢。) 180. if i had known that, i could have helped you. (假如我早知道,我就能帮你了。)[最实用的虚拟语气] 181. i couldn't care less.(我不在乎。) 182. you have my word.(我保证。) 183. he hit the ceiling at the news.(他听到那消息暴跳如雷/大发雷霆。) 184. i don't mind staying up late.(我不在乎熬夜。) 185. you're too outspoken.(你太直率了。) 186. i can't afford it.(我承担/买不起。) 187. i think it's a reasonable price.(我觉得这是个合理的价钱。) 188. i'd like to try on these hats.(我想试试这些帽子。) 189. he puts me to shame.(他使我蒙羞。) 190. every dog has his day.(凡人皆有得意时。) 191. don't give me any excuses.(不要给我任何理由。) 192. are you out of you mind?(你疯了吗?) 193. he's been everywhere.(他到处都去过了。) 194. what's bothering you?(什么在困扰你?) 195. who is to blame?(该怪谁?) 196. there're a lot of rumors going around.(很多流言流传着。) 197. i don't feel up to that.(我觉得不能胜任那工作。) 198. i'm mad at myself.(我生自己的气。) 199. it's raining cats and dogs.(下着倾盆大雨。) 200. the sky is getting very cloudy.(天空的云越来越多了。) 201. you won't get away with this.(你逃不掉惩罚的。) 202. i'm tired of going to school day after day.(我厌倦每天上学。) 203. who am i supposed to see?(我应该去见谁?) 204. his idea is childish.(他的想法很幼稚。) 205. i need small change.(我需要零钱。) 206. don't try to brainwash me.(别想给我洗脑。) 207. i don't seem to have any luck today.(我今天运气不好。) 208. that reminds me.(那提醒了我。) 209. what the hell are you doing?(你到底在做什么?) 210. i can't seem to get to sleep.(我好象睡不着。) 211. you look very serious about something.(你似乎有很严重的事。) 212. i hope i'm not in the way.(我希望没有造成妨碍。) 213. what are you so excited about?(什么事让你如此兴奋?) 214. tell me about you trouble.(把你的烦恼告诉我。) 215. i feel much better now.(我感觉好多了。) 216. i hope you will get well soon.(希望你很快会恢复。) 217. she is sick in bed.(她卧病在床。) 218. i have a slight fever.(我轻微发烧。) 219. a fool never learns.(傻瓜永远学不会。) 220. this is the schedule for tomorrow.(这是明天的日程安排。) 221. how late are you open?(你们营业到多晚?) 222. i'm here on business.(我来这里出差。) 223. what's hong kong famous for?(香港以什么闻名?) 224. what brings you to beijing?(什么风把你吹到北京来的?) 225. she looks blue.(她满面忧伤。) 226. i just don't know what to say.(我就是不知道说什么。) 227. let's have fun tonight.(今晚让我们乐一乐。) 228. thank you for coming to see me off.(谢谢你来为我送行